NOI = Revenue − OpEx. OpEx includes property taxes, insurance, management, R&M, utilities, and a vacancy factor. NOT included: mortgage payment, principal paydown, capex reserves.
NOI drives value (Value = NOI ÷ Cap Rate) and DSCR.
Market & Valuation
NOI (Net Operating Income)
Gross income minus operating expenses — excludes debt service, capex, and income taxes.
More in Market & Valuation
- Operating Expenses (OpEx)— Recurring costs of running a property — taxes, insurance, management, maintenance, utiliti…
- CapEx (Capital Expenditures)— Large periodic replacements — roofs, HVAC, water heaters, appliances — budgeted separately…
- Vacancy Rate— The percentage of time a rental is expected to sit empty between tenants.
- Cap Rate (Capitalization Rate)— NOI ÷ Purchase Price — the unleveraged annual yield of a commercial property.
- Cash-on-Cash Return— Annual pre-tax cash flow divided by the total cash you invested to acquire the deal.
- Cash Flow— The money left after collecting rent and paying every expense including the mortgage.